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1. Question. (TCO 1) Historians and political scientists are different because historians _____ and political scientists _____.
2. Question. (TCO 1) Which are both true for most politicians?
3. Question. (TCO 1) When people base their views on beliefs that may not be based in reality, they are behaving _____.
4. Question. (TCO 1) Which of the following best exemplifies sovereignty?
5. Question. (TCO 1) The notion that we acknowledge the rightful roles of our leaders or our laws is known as _____.
6. Question. (TCO 1) Relating concepts in a way that connects them in an empirical manner is the basis of _____ building.
7. Question. (TCO 1) The term for measuring with numbers is _____.
8. Question. (TCO 4) The English common law stressed the rights of free and equal men and was developed on the basis of precedent set by earlier judges, known today as _____.
9. Question. (TCO 4) Under which of the following circumstances might a case be pursued as both a criminal and a civil case?
10. Question. (TCO 4) Describe the significance of Marbury v. Madison.
11. Question. (TCO 4) Who nominates and approves federal judges in the U.S. court system?
12. Question. (TCO 4) When was judicial review granted to the Supreme Court within the United States?
13. Question. (TCO 4) Examine the ideal role of American judges.
14. Question. (TCO 4) The Supreme Court’s decision in _____ (1954) triggered a revolution in American race relations, an area Congress had been unwilling to touch.
15. Question. (TCO 5) Why do the responsibilities of legislative and executive powers often overlap?
16. Question. (TCO 5) How often does the cabinet change in a parliamentary system?
17. Question. (TCO 5) Voters receive the most direct representation in which system?
18. Question. (TCO 5) Each division of government in a parliamentary system is headed by a _____.

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1. Question. (TCO 5) Distinguish the process that a parliamentary system uses to oust a chief executive from the one available in the U.S. presidential system.
2. Question. (TCO 5) In the case of both parliamentary and presidential systems, examine the reason democracies will not vanish, even though the executive seems to be receiving more and more power.
3. Question. (TCO 5) What is the role of cabinet members?
4. Question. (TCO 7) Describe how today’s conservatives use the term political economy.
5. Question. (TCO 7) Describe British economist John Maynard Keynes’ proposal to cure economic depressions.
6. Question. (TCO 7) What event is largely considered responsible for deterring Johnson’s War on Poverty?
7. Question. (TCO 7) Differentiate between the rising costs of Medicare and Medicaid.
8. Question. (TCO 7) According to political scientist Ira Sharkansky, “All modern states are welfare states, and all welfare states are _____.”
9. Question. (TCO 7) Compare American and Canadian views on the size of government.
10. Question. (TCO 7) Many conservative economists argue that some banks are _____, because they would topple the rest of the economy with them.
11. Question. (TCO 9) Rarely the work of small bands and conspirators alone, _____ are usually the result of system collapse, which permits small but well-organized groups (often military) to take over.
12. Question. (TCO 9) Describe what can often happen in a changing society when, during times of prosperity, some people get rich faster than others.
13. Question. (TCO 9) How is high unemployment relevant to civil conflict?
14. Question. (TCO 9) Some states engage in _____, despite officially denouncing terrorism.
15. Question. (TCO 9) Which of the following options best describes countries before and after revolutions?
16. Question. (TCO 9) The United States hesitated supporting the _____ revolutions because it feared they would fall under extremist influences.
17. Question. (TCO 9) Hannah Arendt pointed out that rage is the fuel of revolution, but what is now the greatest cause of rage?

Explanatory

1. Question (TCO 2) What types of states are most likely to become authoritarian? Why? Along the same lines, what authoritarian states have been most likely to democratize? Under what circumstances does this democratization occur and why? Based on previous findings, describe one country you think is likely to democratize in the near future.
2. Question (TCO 3) Explain the relationship between electoral systems and party systems. Answers should be sure to assess this question from the perspective of both proportional representation and single-member districts and provide examples to support your points.
3. Question (TCO 6) Socialism has evolved over the centuries from Karl Marx’s original purposed theories. The first change took place with Leninism, and now many liberal societies incorporate a mild form of socialism referred to as social democracy. Your analysis should include a comparison of these forms of government and explain how and why socialism split into these several varieties.
4. Question (TCO 8) The United Nations is an international organization that promotes the idea of using diplomacy as a means of preventing war. Investigate the role of diplomacy in maintaining peace between nations. What actions might a diplomat take to encourage peace? What are some factors that may cause diplomacy to fail? Please be sure to provide specific examples in your response.