NR 449 Assignment: Individual APA Review Assignment

Article References

Author(s): Ira Orinovsky, Ela Raizman.

Journal:  Critical Care Nurse

Title of article:  Improvement of Nutritional Intake in ICU Patients via a Nurse-Led Enteral Nutrition Feeding Protocol

Pages: 38-44

Year published: 2018

Volume: 38

Issue: 3

Author(s): Norma A. Metheny, Kathleen L. Meert

Journal:  American Journal of Critical Care

Title of article:  Update on effectiveness of an electromagnetic feeding tube-placement device in detecting respiratory placements

Pages: 157-161

Year published: 2017

Volume: 26

Issue: 2

Author(s): Lyman, Beth

Journal:  Critical Care Nurse

Title of article:  Ask the expert:  Nasogastric tube placement in critically ill pediatric patients

Pages: 86-87

Year published: 2017

Volume: 37

Issue: 6

Author(s): C.M. McIntyre, H.M. Monk

Journal:   American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy

Title of article:  Medication absorption considerations in patients with postpyloric enteral feeding tubes

Pages:  549-556

Year:   2014

Volume:  71

Author(s):  Peggi Guenter, Joseph Boullata

Journal:   Nursing2013

Title:  Drug administration by enteral feeding tube

Pages:  26-35

Year:  2013

Volume:  43

Issue:  12

Author(s):  Rosie Thompson

Journal:   Journal of Community Nursing

Title:  Troubleshooting PEG feeding tubes in community settings

Pages:  61-66

Year:  2017

Volume:  31

Issue:  2

Author:  Kathleen Shipley, Ana-Maria Gallo, Willa Fields

Journal:  MEDSURG Nursing

Title:  Is Your Feeding Tube Clogged? Maintenance of Gastrostomy and Gastrojejunostomy Tubes

Pages:  224-228

Year:  2016

Volume: 25

Issue:  4

For the Following Sentences:

• Fill in the blanks based on correctly citing the sources indicated from alphabetized APA-STYLE REFERENCE PAGE YOU CREATED.
• Do NOT change the contents of the original sentences.

• Carefully follow APA rules for IN-TEXT citations (6 points each).

1. When administering medications through a feeding tube, it is recommended that sustained/extended-release drugs should be avoided. Crushing these medications can result in rapid release of a large amount of product at one time, resulting in erratic blood levels and possible toxic levels of the drug _________________.  (Cite source 1 for the first time )

2. The gold standard for checking feeding tube placement is radiography; an electro-magnetic tube-placement device (ETPD) is sometimes used in lieu of an x-ray for this purpose. However, many cases have been reported where clinicians failed to recognize tube misplacement in the respiratory tract of patients. “Thus, one must continue to question the wisdom of eliminating radiographic confirmation of tube position before starting feedings” ____________________.  (Cite source 4 for the first time, p. 157)

3. Between 2013-2015, the database reported that there had been 25 cases of feeding tubes inadvertently placed in the respiratory tract using ETPD; 17 of these cases resulted in pneumothorax ______________.

(Cite source 4 for the second time)

4. ________________________ assessed nurses’ knowledge of evidence-based guidelines for administering medications per feeding tube in patients receiving enteral feedings and preventing complications such as tube clogging and drug-nutrient interactions. (Cite source 1 for the second time)

5. Similarly, _____________________ reviewed the literature “to determine gastrointestinal absorption of medications administered via post-pyloric enteral feeding tubes” (Cite source 3, p. 549)

6. An educational intervention for care of gastrostomy tubes was developed for nurses from two nursing homes because there were approximately 22 long-term feeding tubes replaced monthly because they were clogged or dislodged ___________________. (Cite source 6 the first time)

7. In the 4 months after nurses were educated about long-term management of feeding tubes, the number of gastrostomy tubes replaced from two nursing homes decreased from 38-19 cases ___________________. (Cite source 6 for the second time)  

8. After initiation of a nurse-led enteral feeding protocol, “more patients achieved their caloric target within a    shorter time after admission to the ICU” ____________________.  (Cite source 5 for the first time, p. 42)

9. ICU patients received a higher daily volume of tube feeding and fewer interruptions of feeding after the nurse-led protocol was implemented ____________________. (Cite source 5 for second time)

10. About 24 % of hospitalized pediatric patients require a nasogastric tube (NGT) and about 18% of those patients are in a pediatric intensive care unit ______________. (Cite source 2 for the first time).

11. Although the gold standard for verifying nasogastric tube placement has been an abdominal radiograph, pediatric health care providers have long been concerned about the long-term cumulative effects of radiation exposure ________________. (Cite source 2 for second time)

12. Blockages of feeding tubes are frequently the result of inadequate flushing or poorly crushed medications being administered through the tube __________________. (Cite source 7 for the first time)