BIOS 242 Week 4 Midterm Chapter 1 - 13

Institution	BIOS 242 Fundamentals of Microbiology with Lab
Contributor	elizabeth Oslen

Major Groups of Microorganisms
1. Bacteria-ubiquitous
2. Algae
3. Protozoa
4. Helminths
5. Fungi
Viruses
1. Noncellular/acellular
2. parasitic
3. Protein coated genetic elements that cause harm to the host cell
Parasites
1. Are always harmful to their host whether they are:
  1. Bacterial
  2. Fungal
  3. Protozoan
  4. Viral
Louis Pasteur
1. Invented pasteurization
2. Swan flask shape was important as it was open to air but did not allow bacteria to enter the flask
3. Bacteria along with dust particles settled in the lowest part of flask
4. Disapproved Spontaneous Generation Theory
Development of Medical Microbiology
1. Robert Koch
  1. Established series of proofs that verified the germ theory of disease
  2. Causes of infection
    1. Linked a specific microorganism with a specific disease
    2. Demonstrated that Anthrax is caused by bacteria
2. Joseph Lister
  1. First utilized handwashing and misting operation rooms with antiseptic chemicals
3. Semmelweis
  1. Advocated hand washing
  2. Savior of mothers
4. Alexander Flemming
  1. Discovered the first antibiotic penicillin